When we walk past flowerbeds in a park or visit scenic areas full of flowers and plants in the suburbs, we often see swarms of bees busily collecting nectar or pollen. You might wonder: why do bees prefer certain colors of flowers, such as yellow or orange? Is it the sweetness of the nectar, or are they attracted by the bright colors?
To answer this question, we must first understand how bees distinguish flower scents and colors.
If you observe closely, you will find that they do not fly and land on flowers randomly or without selection. Like other insects, bees have a pair of antennae on their heads. These small antennae have special olfactory organs that can distinguish different flower scents and identify different hives by their unique smells. Each hive has its own scent, which helps bees establish their respective hives. Additionally, bees can secrete their own scent from the end of their abdomens. When bees collect pollen or nectar, they release this scent onto the flowers, making it easier for them to find these flowers later. Moreover, bees have a pair of large eyes that enable them to distinguish different flower colors. Of course, a bee’s visual abilities differ from those of humans; they are more inclined towards shorter wavelengths. Although they cannot distinguish red light, they can perceive ultraviolet light beyond our visual spectrum. According to current scientific research, bees can distinguish between red, yellow, green, blue, purple, and ultraviolet light. This ability allows bees to easily find the flowers they prefer.